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China
China is a very old country, it is one of the world's oldest civilizations. It even has the oldest continuous civilizations. There are archaeological evidence that dates all the way back to more than 5,000 years ago. Chinese is one of the oldest written language systems in the world as well, it is viewed as the source of many major inventions. The Chinese religion, customs, and writing systems have been adopted by neighbors such as Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. The very first piece of evidence that was found on a human species was in the Zhoukoudian cave, this species is called the Peking Man and is said to have lived somewhere between 300,000 to 550,000 years ago.
The English name China dates back to 1555 and derived from Cin which is a Persian name for China made popular in Europe by a man named Marco Polo. China was first used as a term for porcelain but was spelt differently than the name of the country. The official name of China changed a few times with each dynasty. The most common name is Zhongguo which also means "central nation" or as "middle kingdom". The name first appeared in the Classic of History as Zhongguo and was referred to as the late Zhou Dynasty due to the fact that they believed they were the "center of civilization". The other dynasty's are the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty.
China is known to be an epic adventure more now since the 2008 Olympics was held in Beijing. This helped China due to the fact that Beijing is China's capital. China is also assumed to be one of the top travel destinations in the world. China is known as the largest country in Asia and is surrounded by Russia, India, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, Kazakstan, North Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Vietnam, and many others. China is so large that it is the fourth largest country in the world and occupies about 9,596,960 square kilometers. The major rivers that can be found in China include Yangtse River, the Yellow River, and the Pearl River. The population in China is the largest of any country in the world and is divided into 23 provinces, 5 autonomous, and 4 municipalities.
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Attractions in China
The Great Wall of China is easily known as one of the greatest wonders of the world. In 1987 it was listed as a World Heritages by UNESCO. The wall is kind of like a giant dragon as it winds up and down across deserts, grasslands, mountains, and plateaus. This great wall stretches about 8,851.8 kilometers which is about 5,500 miles long. The wall goes from the east side of China to the West side. There is a history of over 2,000 years that even some of the history is in the ruins or have disappeared. Even so, this great wall is one of the most popular and appealing attractions all around the world within its agricultural grandeur and historical importance. Along the great wall there are many different sections such as Badaling, Huangyaguan, Simatai, Yangguan, Jiankou, and many others.
Forbidden City is a Palace Museum that is located in the center of Beijing and directly north of Tiananmen Square. The Forbidden City was listed in the World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987 and is probably the most famous museum in China. It has bright red walls that house the Ming and Qing emperors for about 500 years. There are about 8 million tourists a year that visit the halls, gardens, pavilions, and about one million treasures in Forbidden City. It was the third emperor, Yongle who constructed the Forbidden City between the years of 1406 to 1420. There are many shops in the Forbidden City with great souvenirs.
The Potala Palace, Lhasa, Tibet sits on top of Marpo Ri hill which is about 30 meters above the Lhasa Valley. This is known to be one of the greatest monuments in all of Tibet. In the seventeenth century the building was put into the foundations of the great buildings still standing today. After that the new construction began in 1645 which was the reign of the fifth Dalai Lama, then in 1648 the Potrang Karpo, or White Palace was completely finished. It was sometime between 1690 and 1694 when the Potrang Marpo, or Red Palace was added. Starting as early as the seventeenth century the palace was always called the Potala which comes from Mt. Potala in Southern India. This palace also held a school for religious training of monks and administrators. It was also the seat of the Tibet Government.
The Giant Panda is known to be very loved by everyone all over the world. They are peaceful, bamboo eating species that are a part of the bear family. These loving animals face many threats all around the world, the population of them is very small and isolated. Giant Pandas traditional habitat is in the southwestern part of China's mountainous areas. There are over 30 reserves that are set up for the pandas which were set up by the government but there are still habitat destruction and poaching that are still a threat to the pandas not living in these reserves. Due to the increasing economic development there is a more significant reason to ensure the safety of the giant panda's survival.
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Things to do in China
Mogao Grottos is a popular attraction that consist of the largest and best preserved as well as richest treasure house of Buddhist art in the world. Inside this house are about 2,100 colored statues and 45,000 square meters of murals. These are located in 492 different caves, the caves are all different sizes and the colored statues are all in different sizes as well. The statues range anywhere from a few centimeters to 33 meters high. Even still today the murals are very brightly colored with clear lines after so many years of erosion. All of the pictures on the murals are of different styles and schools that all tell a different story of the Buddhist period.
Jiuzhaigou is located in the boundary of Yangtong Tibetan which is just north of Sichuan. It consist of three valleys named Shuzheng, Rize, and Zechawa. The name of the valley comes from the 9 ancient Tibetan villages that are within the valleys. The highest point of the attraction would be at the end of the valley, it is 4,700 m above sea level. This attraction is known as a beautiful "Fairyland valley" that consists of snow capped mountains, lakes, waterfalls, and forest. It wasn't until the end of 1960 that Jiuzhaigou was ever disturbed, but a large group of lumber workers arrived. In December of 1978 it was officially announced that the four belts of Jiuzhaugou is listed as the National Nature reserve and lumbering is no long legal. In 1992 it was listed as a World Natural Heritage by UNESCO.
Suzhou is known for its gardens that are indeed very beautiful, it is also famous for its traditional waterside architecture. Some of the most well known gardens include Humble Administrator's Garden of Ming Dynasty, Lion Grove of Qing Dynasty, Canglang Pavilion of Song Dynasty, and Lingering Garden of Yuan Dynasty. Suzhou is also called Venice of the East due to its network of ancient bridges and canals. Today Suzhou is used for the center of China's silk industry as well as the most prosperous cities for papermaking, iron and steel, chemicals, cotton textiles, and more. The history of Suzhou dates back for more than 4,000 years.
The museums in China are very interesting and educational. The Shanghai Museum is one of the best museums in China. It was founded in 1995 and located in the south of People's square. It is renowned for its fine and rare collection of a huge amount of artistic heritage. The art collection includes bronze-wares, chinaware's, and traditional paintings of different dynasties. Then there is the National Museum of China which has exhibits on the history and culture of China. The Shaanxi History Museum was constructed in 1983 but opened on June 20, 1991. It holds a combination of traditional architecture and modern technology which embodies folk tradition and local features.
